What is cholera? Information about cholera

Is called Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio bacteria caused Eltor, who watched with a lot of vomiting and diarrhea, leading to death as a fine-infectious bowel disease. Cholera, since the very old ages, India's is a common disease. Did not get out of India until the year 1817. 1817'de has covered East Asia, Africa 1819'da, 1823'de ise Russia reached. With a large spread 1826'da başlıyan Asia, Africa, Russia, Turkey, into Europe through Spain on the field has become an epidemic. To Canada within a year 1832'de North America atlıyan disease entirely, or partially spread to South America. Between the years 1846-1883 covering the whole world cholera, has killed millions of people. 6 times between the years 1817-1923 show large spread, and then slot 1960'a taken up again in India. This year, the world, the deaths from cholera and cholera steadily decreased to a loss of hope that has been awaken. But in 1961 a new outbreak started in the remote eastern island Seleb, West and Central African countries and Russia, Czechoslovakia, Spain, Portugal and some European countries such as the spread. In 1970 in Istanbul in 1160 suspected outbreaks başlıyan right death occurred in 50 patients has been deposited. The cholera germ, vegetables and fruit on 5-7 days 15-20 days in water, dead in 3-5 months to stay alive. CDE 55-56 ° 10-15 minutes, 1-2 seconds simmer dies. Cholera, 'the patient's stool, dry-warm and sunny fall to the ground is 5-6 hours, 8-10 hours in sunlight protected from disease is to maintain the ability. 2-3 days to stay alive on the paper currency.



Cholera, a disease that is spread from the vomit and faeces. Infection is responsible for business people. Germs, drinking, using and sea water up to 2-3 weeks on average to maintain the ability to disease.



The patient's stool, to contact with substances such as vomit, their drinking water, without cooked food eaten by the infected mouth. is taken. To hand contact with septic substances, the use of koleralı food from the same plate, drinking from the same glass to cause infection .. Patients' use of the laundry. infection is also responsible for a towel or even paper money. Housefly also helps greatly in the spread of the cholera.



Stomach and bowel health are in place, a full one does not occur easily in the cholera. Acid in the stomach and pancreas ifraz will kill germs. Gastric disorders, pancreatic secretion of acid and low ones, in alcoholics, who have bowel disease tend to have cholera. Sewage water and drinking water mixed with the whole leaks biggest role to play in the spread of disease.



Of cholera, as Asian Kolera Kolera Eltor and has two type. Two of the course is similar to each other. Watch cases and uncertain in the light Eltor Kolera more the infection was seen.



Incubation period of cholera, a few hours a week to change. Starts with sudden diarrhea and vomiting. There is no abdominal pain and diarrhea during the stool is almost boşalir style. Placed in the bowel mucosa in the cholera germs, toxins (poisons) are secreted that cause diarrhea. There is no blood and slime in the stool, is odorless, rice cooked in water and resembles the white matter are similar to rice grains. Vomiting is the way it is usually spout.



Number of cases of severe diarrhea in a day to 15-30 times. With the liquid to spew koleralı lose a day is between 3-20 liters. Liquid loss depending on the language's dry, lips purple, shrunken eyes, face is distressing and anxious. Skin cold, sticky, and is wrinkled. Hands, washerwoman hands in the ruck has been. Body temperature can fall to 32-35 ° C. Kalb atım increasing. Lose more water to occur in patients with cramps. Occurs in the lower half of pregnant women.



10 percent of patients develop renal failure kadannda. Oligürü (less urination) or anuri (can not urinate at all) can be seen already. If more than 24 hours, with death Anuri will conclude. Death, usually liquid and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chlorine ...) because of loss occurs. (See Shock).



Carrier (bearer party), does not indicate disease, but the germs are in and around itself is infected. Usually a week but often there is cholera in portörlük could. A small part of elderly persons who have disease, the cholera germ into the gall bladder as a result of chronic portörlük (taşıyıcılık) may occur. The spread of disease and the vector is very dangerous.



Patient hospital treatment is Koleralı. Principles of treatment, the patient is lost to water and electrolytes. For this, the interests of patients to measure the amount of fluids and essential salts in enough liquid from the design, lightweight vak'alarda mouth, because of heavy vak'alarda and installation are covered by the mouth to get vessels from the path. Tetracycline group of antibiotics and kloramfenikol, are effective in treatment, but never take the place of treatment can not be liquid. This medication is given in the faeces of patients and carrier of germs, it quickly disappears and shortens the duration of treatment in patients with fluid.



For control of cholera and the isolation of patients with notice, to be disinfected after the interests of patients, between the microbes in the feces of people suspect, should contact their isolation and treatment. From contact with the patient or from the region of the cholera quarantine ahnırlar for beşgün. Been disinfected water and proper sewer systems have to be provided as needed in places not suitable for the whole pit should be opened. To avoid the role of carrier battle horn must be made.



Cholera in the region, in the streets to sell any food and beverages, cold beverages in restaurants and food service are prohibited to be done. Half of a household member who is ill, can be vector. Household is given 5 days for a period of 1 gram tetracycline.

Raw and cooked food is eaten, septic pit and black-fly in combat, reported usüllerle should be given importance. And used in home water wells is to be absolutely chlorination. Water, chlorine must be added using the half-hour later. Against suspected infection, the most sure way to use the water is boiling.

Epidemic in an area when all of the deceased, are buried hastahanelerince cholera. Protection measures in this regard knowledge of the dead and neglected by people in the ability to wash. Tombs, underground water and deep in places and non-interest should be opened. Under six months, the women in the second half of pregnancy and chronic heart, kidney, liver and blood diseases who, active tuberculous, rheumatic, cholera vaccination is not done to people. Vaccination provides protection up to 4-6 months. On average 50 percent rate sağlıyabilmektedir immunity. More effective cholera Asis. studies and researches are to be prepared. Cholera vaccine, tetanus vaccine, and as widely as a vaccine is not always made. However, in times of epidemic risk is done to protect the community.